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What Is a Cyberattack? | IBM

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Welcome Overview Overview Overview Phishing Spear phishing Spear phishing versus standard phishing Smishing Business email compromise (BEC)Whale phishing (whaling)Pretexting Overview Ransomware Ransomware as a service (RaaS)Scareware History of malware Overview Threat actor Hacking Attack vector Adversarial machine learning Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack Zero day exploit Man in the middle (MITM) attack Brute force attack Lateral movement Insider threats Advanced persistent threats Kerberoasting Cryptojacking Data poisoning Dark web Overview Data breach Data exfiltration PII (personally identifying information)Digital footprint Data protection Data security posture management Data discovery Database security Data privacy Data privacy examples XaaS data security Overview Symmetric encryption Asymmetric encryption Public key infrastructure Public key encryption Key management Bring your own key (BYOK)Cryptography Homomorphic encryption End-to-end encryption Cryptography types Cryptography use cases History of cryptography Transport layer security Confidential computing Tokenization Overview Nonhuman identity Machine identity management Identity security Identity fabric Identity orchestration Customer IAM (CIAM)Overview Authentication versus authorization Single sign-on (SSO)Two-factor authentication (2fA)Multi-factor authentication (MFA)Adaptive MFA Phishing-resistant MFA Biometric authentication Behavioral biometrics CAPTCHA FIDO FIDO2 Digital credentials Overview Access controls Privileged access management (PAM)User provisioning RBAC OAuth Overview Cloud security posture management (CSPM)Cloud workload protection platform (CWPP)Overview Mobile security Mobile workforce Bring your own device (BYOD)Mobile device management (MDM)MDM versus mobile application management (MAM)Enterprise mobility management (EMM)Unified endpoint management (UEM)UEM versus MDM Android device management Network security Information security IT security OT security Email security Web security Critical infrastructure Zero trust Secure access service edge (SASE)CIS benchmarks Overview Vulnerability management lifecycle Vulnerability scanning Vulnerability assessment CVE (Common vulnerabilities and exposures)CVSS (Common vulnerabilities scoring system)Patch management Security posture Attack surface Attack surface management Shadow IT Log4shell Log4J vulnerability Log4j vulnerability detection and patching SaaS sprawl Overview Application security posture management (ASPM)Dynamic application security testing (DAST)Overview Ethical hacking Red teaming Blue team Penetration testing Network penetration testing Phishing simulation Breach attack simulation Overview AI security AI fraud detection in banking Overview Incident response Digital forensics Computer forensics Digital forensics and incident response Fraud detection Security information and event management (SIEM)Security orchestration automation and response (SOAR)Endpoint detection and response (EDR)Network detection and response (NDR)Extended detection and response (XDR)Identity threat detection and response (ITDR)Data detection and response (DDR)Data loss prevention (DLP)Intrusion detection system (IDS)Intrusion prevention system (IPS)User behavior analytics (UBA)User and entity behavior analytics (UEBA)Distributed denial of service (DDoS) protection Next generation antivirus (NGAV)Overview Threat intelligence OSINT Threat hunting MITRE ATT&CK NIST Cyber resilience Cyber insurance Security controls Managed security service provider Security operations center (SOC)Managed detection and response (MDR)Cyber range Cybersecurity crisis communication Alexandra Jonker Tom Krantz computer network data threat actors hackers malware social engineering zero-day exploits self-replicating worms cloud IBM Privacy Statement outage 2025 Cost of a Data Breach Report breach incident response USD 75 million in a single ransomware attack business email compromise USD 9.2 trillion in 2024 to about USD 13.8 trillion by 2028 ransomware dark web hackers Insider threats exfiltrate cryptocurrency wallets personally identifiable information distributed denial-of-service 11.5 terabits per second (Tbps) of traffic for about 35 seconds phishing Watch the latest podcast episode Malware operating system’s remote access Trojan encryption Scareware Social engineering spear phishing Whale phishing BEC scams distributed denial-of-service Internet-of-Things databases brute force attacks MITM attacks Structured Query Language Domain name system intrusion detection systems Zero-day exploits unpatched Fileless attacks next-generation antivirus PowerShell security operation centers Artificial intelligence generative AI large language models deepfake audio and video prompt injection AI jailbreaks workloads hybrid clouds storage application programming interfaces container-orchestration Kubernetes Data integrity datasets data streams data poisoning machine learning biased quantum computing public-key cryptography harvest now, decrypt later post-quantum cryptography Learn how the threat landscape is evolving cybersecurity threat detection and response Identity and access management least-privilege multi-factor authentication virtual private network Data security data loss prevention firewalls intrusion-prevention systems vulnerability management patching penetration tests Attack surface management Unified endpoint management Security information and event management endpoint detection and response Threat intelligence Advanced analytics threat hunting advanced persistent threats Incident response root-cause analysis Security orchestration, automation and response Extended detection and response Tom Krantz Alexandra Jonker Report IBM X-Force Threat Intelligence Index 2026 Gain insights to prepare and respond to cyberattacks with greater speed and effectiveness with the IBM X-Force® Threat Intelligence Index. Read the report Techsplainers podcast Cyberattacks explained Techsplainers by IBM breaks down the essentials of cyberattacks, from key concepts to real‑world use cases. Clear, quick episodes help you learn the fundamentals fast. Listen now On-demand webinars Guardium webinars Learn how to protect your data across its lifecycle from our webinars. Explore on-demand webinars Guide Cybersecurity in the era of generative AI Learn how today’s security landscape is changing and how to navigate the challenges and tap into the resilience of generative AI. Read the guide Explainer What is threat management? Threat management is a process of preventing cyberattacks, detecting threats and responding to security incidents. Read the article Explore incident response services Explore threat detection solutions Explore QRadar SOAR Explore incident response services Learn more about IBM X-Force Cost of Data Breach 2025 Federal Bureau of Investigation Internet Crime Report 2024

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